Introduction

3D geological modeling is a very actual issue nowadays in building development, environmental assessment of soil (variably-saturated porous medium) pollution, assessment of mineral deposits, etc. There are different approaches to solve this problem by means of modern software designed for simulation in geology [1-3]. The most frequently used method is that of reconstructing geological model. This method is based on information about the levels of geological horizons occurrence received from the results of drilling [4-6]. The implementation of this method itself may have some peculiarities.

In this article an alternative approach for 3D geological model creation is being proposed. It is based on the following:
1) Surface triangulation of site topology
2) Automatic cross-section generation
3) Segment height interpolation for each layer of geological model.
This approach allows both simplify and accelerate 3D geological model creation while maintaining acceptable 3D site building accuracy.

Building methods

The proposed method consists of six basic steps described below. The following information on boreholes is considered as given data: 1) borehole coordinates; 2) seamark; 3) capacity of geological horizons.

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Simmakers with 3 presentations took part in the Regional IT-conference SolIT 2013, which was held on January 26-27 in Soligorsk. Representatives of Russian, Belarus, German, US and UK companies participated in this event.Simmakers had invited technical specialists of such companies as «Belaruskali», «Trest Shakhtospecstroy» and «Soligorsk Institute for Problems of Resource’s Saving with Experienced Production» to hear the presentations.

The contents of the presentations are the following:

• «Computer simulation and scientific software development». IT section. The use of computer simulation to improve product quality, manufacturing efficiency and competitiveness of the enterprise.Technological and physical processes simulation in the following areas:machinery construction, environment, mining industry. The process of scientific software development by example of creating software for simulation of heat and moisture transfer in soil under the influence of thermal load of buildings, constructions and cooling devices.

• «Algorithms and methods of computational grids creation for numerical solution of the Applied Physics objectives». Development section. The report highlights an important aspect when simulating applications — building a computational grid (meshing). The importance of the subject and the needs of manufacture and mining industries in the high-performance solutions in the construction of large computational domains is emphasized. Meanwhile, the practice of working with numerical schemes shows that in order to achieve correct results of numerical solutions it is necessary to enable individualized approach to the computational grid building. This presentation demonstrates the role of the adaptive component of a step in the grid building, the performed results are compared with classical solutions. The most complex algorithmic aspects are given, such as an algorithm for computing the volume and area of source geometries in the cell of the computational grid, the ways of maximum performance achievement. (meshing).

• «Software implementation of finite element method for solving problem heat transfer in soil». Development section. Mathematical model of heat conduction objective is a parabolic differential equation with boundary conditions of the first, second or third order. One of the modern numerical methods for solving this objective is the finite element method.This method has several advantages over the finite difference approach, one of the most important is the opportunity to solve a problem in areas with complex geometry. As any numerical method of solving objectives in mathematical physics, finite element method replaces the objective of finding the temperature as a continuous function on the set of algebraic equations, where the unknown is a vector of temperatures at specific points in space. The main principle of transition to a system of algebraic equations is the transition from differential to integral formulation of the objective and piecewise continuous approximation of the unknown function. Coefficients in the system of equations are found by integrating the expressions of elementary volumes (finite elements). When programming the method it is important to find a balance between the software rate and the accuracy of the approximate model. It is necessary to determine in what cases to perform analytical calculations, and where accuracy can be ignored, how to store matrix of coefficients, which method is appropriate to solve a system of linear equations, etc.

Watch video from conference «Finite element method. Heat transfer problem.»

    

    

Introduction

Computing of the volume of polyhedron in 3D space isn’t a trivial problem, but the following trivial method exists: dividing the volume into simple pyramids and counting the sum of these volumes. However, this methodology is difficult for implementation, as well as it is resource-intensive and slow. What is more, computing algorithm according to this methodology is difficult to parallelize. And taking into account trends in the field of parallel computing on GPU development, the ability to increase the rate of computing repeatedly is being lost.

In this article the algorithm for determining the volume of arbitrary geometry in 3D space in terms of fast computing is described.

Input data

Preparatory step. A rectangular grid (pos.1 on fig.1) around geometry (pos.2 on fig.1) is built using its minimum and maximum coordinates.

User chooses rectangular grid parameters. For example, the number of grid cells can be taken equal to the number of stream multi-processors on GPU. Therefore, our task turns into computing and subsequent summing of the volumes occupied by fragments of geometries in cells, as shown on Figure 2.

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On June 25-29 2012 in Moscow was held «Oil and gas 2012» Exhibition , which was the hugest exhibition of Russian oil and gas complex and corresponded to the world-class event. Special attention was focused on geological and geophysical research, prospecting and exploration of oil and gas fields, construction of wells, oil refining and petrochemicals, information and software development, research and project development, environment and environmental monitoring.

About 1000 companies from Russia, China, CIS countries, Europe, USA took part in this exhibition. Attention in IT sphere was taken to such subjects as:
- energy-efficient technologies;
- technologies of exploration and oil production, refining and transportation;
- environmentally friendly technology to improve oil and gas recovery of wells by plasma-impulsive action;
- systems of-optimal and statistical microseismic monitoring, stimulation of oil and gas production;
- hydrodynamic modeling of oil and gas fields;
- software for geological studies of samples based on computer-aided tomography, digital calculations of samples properties, simulation of enhanced oil recovery methods;
- software for the design of process installation and pipelines on the designed or reconstructed objects.

Also as the part of «Oil and gas 2012» Exhibition The 3rd International conference on topical issues of innovative development of oil and gas industry «Enercon-2012″ was held.More than 400 companies from all over the world attended this conference. The main attention was focused on the following subjects:

- the defining role of government in reproductiont of oil and gas production material base;;

- innovative development and introduction of modern methods of enhanced oil recovery;

- modernization of oil and gas industry, innovation and simulation;

- oil-field geology and geophysics;

- exploration and oil and gas fields development.

Simmaker’s specialists participated in the section «Oil-field geology and geophysics», where presentations on current subjects such as «Software for oil and gas industry (geology and geophysics),»Software for geological modeling of resource calculation»,»Computer simulation of search, exploration and exploitation of oil and gas fields, «Stochastic technology of geological risks assessment by using seismic data «and other were presented.

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The ADI (alternate directions implicit) method is widely used for the numerical solution of multidimensional parabolic PDE (partial differential equations). [1]. Although the method is known for a long time and is well described in the text-books, its practical realizations sometimes appear to be inaccurate [2]. The inaccuracy arises every time when one neglects the correct account of the so-called intermediate boundary conditions. This neglect can become the cause of instabilities even when the used ADI-scheme is known to be unconditionally stable in the frame of von Neumann spectral analysis technique [3]. The procedures of a correct account of the intermediate boundary conditions (for the Peaceman-Rachford ADI-scheme), are described in [4, 5, 6].

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